Performance Analysis of HMA400 High-Manganese Steel for Cryogenic Pressure Vessels
01
HMA400 High-Manganese Steel Application
HMA400 features a low coefficient of thermal expansion at cryogenic temperatures, excellent low-cycle fatigue resistance, superior low-temperature impact toughness, and significant cost advantages over high-Ni steels and stainless steels. It serves as a next-generation material for LNG carrier containment tanks, LNG terminal storage tanks, LNG transport tankers, storage/fuel tanks for marine propulsion systems, etc.14
02
HMA400 High-Manganese Steel Specifications
GNEE STEEL currently supplies HMA400 High-Manganese Steel sheets with:
Thickness: 6–25.4mm
Width: 900–2050mm
Custom-cut lengths available
03
HMA400 High-Manganese Steel Performance
3.1 Yield strength > Tensile strength >850 MPa, Elongation after fracture >40%.
Room Temperature Tensile Properties
|
Parameter |
Head (Horizontal) |
Middle(Horizontal) |
Tail(Horizontal) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Thickness (mm) |
14.0 |
14.0 |
14.0 |
|
Rp0.2 (MPa) |
443.8 |
498.6 |
484.6 |
|
Rm (MPa) |
855.8 |
889.4 |
886.1 |
|
A (%) |
55.2 |
44.5 |
49.6 |
|
A50 (%) |
62.6 |
48.1 |
54.8 |
3.2 Low-Temperature Impact Toughness
High impact toughness (>100J at -196°C).
| Product Thickness | Sampling Direction | Test Temperature (°C) | KV₂ / J (Sample 1) | KV₂ / J (Sample 2) | KV₂ / J (Sample 3) | Average KV₂ / J |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14mm | Horizontal | -196 | 134 | 113 | 118 | 121.7 |
| -165 | 120 | 128 | 131 | 126.3 | ||
| -100 | 130 | 144 | 127 | 133.7 | ||
| 0 | 171 | 154 | 156 | 162.3 | ||
| Vertical | -196 | 177 | 167 | 175 | 173 |
3.3 Performance Stability
After holding at 900°C for 10 minutes, strength and toughness remain stable while plasticity improves. All mechanical properties meet requirements with significant margins, demonstrating excellent thermal stability.
3.4 Comparative Performance vs. Other Materials
(1) Comparison with Al5083-0, AISI304, and 9Ni steel (tensile properties, thermal expansion coefficient, low-temp impact toughness, crack propagation resistance, fatigue crack growth rate):
HMA400 exhibits the highest tensile strength, excellent plasticity, and optimal overall mechanical properties.
HMA400 has the lowest thermal expansion coefficient, ensuring superior volumetric stability.
HMA400 delivers exceptional low-temp impact toughness (-196°C, >100J).
HMA400 shows high crack propagation resistance (CTOD: 0.6mm).
HMA400 offers the best cryogenic fatigue performance.
Tensile Properties Of Comparison with Al5083-0, AISI304, and 9Ni steel
Thermal Expansion Coefficient Of Comparison with Al5083-0, AISI304, and 9Ni steel
Low-temp Impact Toughness Of Comparison with Al5083-0, AISI304, and 9Ni steel
Crack Propagation Resistance Of Comparison with Al5083-0, AISI304, and 9Ni steel
Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Of Comparison with Al5083-0, AISI304, and 9Ni steel
(2) Comparison with 304 stainless steel and 9Ni steel (mechanical properties, density):
HMA400 provides the highest tensile strength, superior plasticity, and optimal overall mechanical properties.
04
Advantages
Cryogenic high-manganese steel is not only cost-effective but also excels in wear resistance, high formability, non-magnetism, vibration damping, and cryogenic performance. Compared to 304 stainless steel, it offers equivalent corrosion resistance with higher strength, enabling lightweight design. Against 9Ni steel, it demonstrates superior plasticity, toughness, and strength.
