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Detailed analysis of chemical composition of 12Cr2Mo1R pressure vessel plate
Grade 12Cr2Mo1R
Carbon content C: ≤0.08-0.15 Silicon content Si: ≤0.50 Manganese content Mn: 0.30~0.60
Chromium content Cr: 2.00-2.50 Phosphorus content P: ≤0.02 Sulfur content S: ≤0.010
Molybdenum content Mo: ≤0.90-1.10
1. Carbon (C): As the carbon content in steel increases, the yield point and tensile strength increase, but the plasticity and impact resistance decrease. When the carbon content exceeds 0.23%, the welding performance of the steel deteriorates, so it is used for welding. Low alloy structural steel, the carbon content generally does not exceed 0.20%. High carbon content will also reduce the steel's resistance to atmospheric corrosion, and high-carbon steel in open-air stockyards is prone to rust; in addition, carbon can increase the cold brittleness and aging sensitivity of steel.
2. Silicon (Si): Silicon is added as a reducing agent and deoxidizer during the steelmaking process, so killed steel contains 0.15-0.30% silicon. If the silicon content in steel exceeds 0.50-0.60%, silicon is considered an alloying element. Silicon can significantly increase the elastic limit, yield point and tensile strength of steel, so it is widely used in spring steel. Adding 1.0-1.2% silicon to quenched and tempered structural steel can increase the strength by 15-20%. Silicon is combined with molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, etc. to improve corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and can be used to make heat-resistant steel. Low carbon steel containing 1-4% silicon has extremely high magnetic permeability and is used in the electrical industry to make silicon steel sheets. Increased silicon content will reduce the welding performance of steel.
3. Manganese (Mn): In the steelmaking process, manganese is a good deoxidizer and desulfurizer. Generally, steel contains 0.30-0.50% manganese. When more than 0.70% is added to carbon steel, it is called "manganese steel". Steel with a higher amount of steel than ordinary steel not only has sufficient toughness, but also has higher strength and hardness, improves the hardenability of the steel, and improves the hot working performance of the steel. For example, the yield point of 16Mn steel is 40% higher than that of A3. Steel containing 11-14% manganese has extremely high wear resistance and is used in excavator buckets, ball mill linings, etc. Increased manganese content weakens the corrosion resistance of steel and reduces welding performance.
4. Phosphorus (P): Under normal circumstances, phosphorus is a harmful element in steel, which increases the cold brittleness of steel, worsens welding performance, reduces plasticity, and worsens cold bending performance. Therefore, the phosphorus content in steel is usually required to be less than 0.045%, and the requirement for high-quality steel is even lower.
5. Sulfur (S): Sulfur is also a harmful element under normal circumstances. It causes the steel to become hot brittle, reduces its ductility and toughness, and causes cracks during forging and rolling. Sulfur is also detrimental to welding performance, reducing corrosion resistance. Therefore, the sulfur content is usually required to be less than 0.055%, and high-quality steel is required to be less than 0.040%. Adding 0.08-0.20% sulfur to steel can improve the machinability and is usually called free-cutting steel.
Formulate appropriate internal control components and strictly control the fluctuation range of chemical components to ensure the stability of steel plate performance. Strengthen batching control and smelting operations, effectively control the content of harmful elements such as Sn, Sb, As, and Cu, reduce the content of P and S to improve the purity of steel, reduce the tendency of temper embrittlement, and improve the high-temperature corrosion resistance of steel. Controlled heating is used to ensure heating time and temperature, and measures such as controlled rolling are used to ensure the inherent quality of the steel plate. Strictly control the rolling and heat treatment processes to obtain a reasonable organizational structure and grain size of the steel plate, ensuring that the steel plate has good overall performance.
